Beethoven - Symphony No 9 Op 125

The Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Op. 125, also known as Beethoven's 9th, is the final complete symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven, composed between 1822 and 1824. It was first performed in Vienna on 7 May 1824. One of the best-known works in common practice music, it is regarded by many critics and musicologists as one of Beethoven's greatest works and one of the supreme achievements in the history of western music. In the 2010s, it stands as one of the most performed symphonies in the world.
The symphony was the first example of a major composer using voices in a symphony (thus making it a choral symphony). The words are sung during the final (4th) movement of the symphony by four vocal soloists and a chorus. They were taken from the "Ode to Joy", a poem written by Friedrich Schiller in 1785 and revised in 1803, with text additions made by Beethoven.
In 2001, Beethoven's original, hand-written manuscript of the score, held by the Berlin State Library, was added to the United Nations Memory of the World Programme Heritage list, becoming the first musical score so designated.

Simfonia nr.9 in Re minor, opus 125, cunoscuta si ca a 9-a a lui Beethoven, este simfonia completa finala a lui Ludvig van Beethoven, compusa intre 1822 si 1824. A fost cantata prima data in Viena pe 7 mai 1824. Una dintre lucrarile cele mai cunoscute in lumea practicii muzicale, este privita de multi critici si muzicologi ca lucrarea cea mai buna a lui Beethoven si una din supremele realizari din istoria muzicala occidentala. In anii 2010 este una din lucrarile cele mai cantate in lume.
Simfonia a fost primul exemplu al unui mare compositor care a folosit vocile intr-o simfonie (facand astfel o simfonie corala). Cuvintele sunt folosite in timpul ultimei miscari a simfoniei (a patra) de catre 4 solisti vocali si un cor. Ele au fost luate din “Oda bucuriei”, un poem scris de Friederich Schiller in 1785 si revizuit in 1803, cu text additional scris de Beethoven.
In 2001, manuscrisul musical original apartinand lui Beethoven, pastrat la Libraria de Stat din Berlin, a fost adaugat pe lista memoriala a lumii de la ONU, fiind prima lucrare muzicala ajunsa acolo.

Instrumentation

These are by far the largest forces needed for any Beethoven symphony; at the premiere, Beethoven augmented them further by assigning two players to each wind part. The symphony is scored for the following orchestra.

Woodwinds

Piccolo (fourth movement only)

2 Flutes

2 Oboes

2 Clarinets in A, B♭ and C

2 Bassoons

Contrabassoon (fourth movement only)

Brass

4 Horns in D, B♭ and E♭

2 Trumpets in D and B♭

3 Trombones (alto, tenor, and bass; second and fourth movements only)

Percussion

Timpani

Bass drum (fourth movement only)

Triangle (fourth movement only)

Cymbals (fourth movement only)

Voices (fourth movement only)

Soprano solo

Alto solo

Tenor solo

Bass solo

SATB choir (tenor briefly divides)

Strings

Violins I, II

Violas

Cellos

Double basses

Instrumentatie

Acestea sunt de departe cele mai mari forte pentru oricare dintre simfoniile lui Beeethoven: la premiera, Beethoven le-a sporit prin adaugarea a cate doi suflatori in plus la partile de suflat. Simfonia e compusa pentru urmatoarea orchestra:

Instrumente de suflat din lemn

Piculina (flaut mic) – doar la miscarea a patra

2 flauturi

2 oboaie

2 clarinete in la, si bemol si do

2 fagoti

Contrabas – doar la miscaraea a patra

Alamuri

4 corni in la, si bemol si mi

2 trompete in re sis i bemol

3 tromboane - alto, tenor si bas (a doua si a patra miscare)

Percutie

Timpani

Toba bas (a patra miscare)

Triunghi (a patra miscare)

Timbale (a patra miscare)

Voci (a patra miscare)

Soprano solo

Alto solo

Tenor solo

Bass solo

SATB cor (cu interventii scurte de tenor)

Corzi

Viori I, II

Viole

Violoncele

Basi dubli